The following code example is taken from the book
C++23 - The Complete Guide
by Nicolai M. Josuttis,
Leanpub, 2026
The code is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
// raw code
#include <string>
#include <print>
int main()
{
std::string s = "backslash: '\\'"; // some chars with single quote and newline
std::println("default: {}", s);
std::println("{{:s}} : {:s}", s);
std::println("{{:?}} : {:?}", s);
std::println("{{:.4}} : {:.4}", s);
std::println("{{:.4?}} : {:.4?}", s);
std::println("{{:*^20?}} : {:*^20?}", s);
std::println("{{:*^20.4?}} : {:*^20.4?}\n", s);
std::println("s[11] (single quote):");
std::println(" {{}} : {}", s[11]);
std::println(" {{:?}} : {:?}\n", s[11]);
std::println("s[12] (newline):");
std::println(" {{}} : {}", s[12]);
std::println(" {{:?}} : {:?}", s[12]);
}